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Pipeliner's Dictionary

Peter Kinsey

 
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A Dolly A trailer converter dolly that is towed from a single hitch located on the centerline of the towing unit.  
A Train A combination of vehicles composed of a tractor, a semitrailer and either an A Dolly and a semitrailer or a full trailer attached to the lead semitrailer in a like manner as if an A Dolly were used  
AC (Athey) wagon A tracked towing trailer  
Access trail Temporary road cut to allow equipment access to water for testing the pipeline  
Axle Group Any number of consecutive axles on a vehicle through which weight is intended to be equally distributed.  
Axle Spread The longitudinal distance between the extreme axle centers of the axle group.  
Axle Weight The total weight transmitted to the highway by the axle or axle group  
B Train A combination of vehicles composed of a tractor, a semitrailer, followed by another semitrailer attached to the first semitrailer by the means of a fifth wheel mounted on the rear of the first semitrailer.  
Back End Those crews working along the pipeline corridor  behind the welding crew  
Back slope Slope of bar ditch farthest from the road  
Backfill The dirt/sand material used to cover the pipe in the ditch  
Bar ditch The drainage ditch adjacent to public roads  
Bead The root pass of the weld  
Beaver tail The extreme rear sloped, fabricated steel portion of a low bed trailer used to facilitate a tractor mounting the trailer from the rear  
Bell hole A widened and sloped section of the ditch where welders will work when doing a tie in  
Bender Machine for bending pipe  
Berm A dyke of earth material formed to contain fluid, such as fuel, in case of a spill or leak, or to diver water on a slope in the prevention of erosion  
Bevel The angled cut at the end of a joint of pipe  
Bird cage The shape wire rope takes when forced into compression.  The outer strands form a cage and at times displace the core  
top Tar sealed road  
Bladder Sack like container for storing water, diesel or other liquids  
Blanket An insulated blanket that  encircles the pipe and is used to cover a weld so it cools slowly.  
Blasting mats Large mats fabricated of tires secured tightly together with bolts and chains. Used to prevent projectiles of rock (fly rock) from becoming airborne out of the blasting site.  
Block valve A full throated mainline valve designed to stop the flow of gas or oil that when open will allow passage of a pipeline pig.  
Blow down Releasing air or water pressure through valves at a test head, after testing a section of pipe  
Bone Yard Lay down area for equipment adjacent to the pipeline area, usually either at kick Off or the end of the line.  
Bone yard Equipment storage location  
Boom Pipeline side boom tractor  
Boom hand Side boom operator  
Boom line The cable which is used to change the angle of the boom  
Bore The diameter of the engine cylinder.  Also diameter of any hole, e.g. the hole into which a bushing is placed  
Boring approach Excavation that the backhoe has to make to put the boring machine in position to bore under a road or railway  
Boxing a sag Squaring off the R.O.W. at a creek/river crossing  
Break joint The last joint in a section  
Break over point The point in a section of pipe, at which, when it is picked up, the weight of the free end will be great enough to cause the pipe to bend at the point at which the lift is being made.  
Breakers On hillsides and inclined slopes, the placement of sand bags or spraying of foam to surround the pipe, as a dam, to the top of the ditch, to prevent water flow and subsequent erosion around the pipe. Water breakers are berms built at an angle across the ROW to divert ground water and prevent ROW erosion  
Bronc New pipeline worker - greenhorn  
Brush hog An attachment to a farm tractor, that is used to chop or cut brush  
Buckle A deformity in the pipe where the pipe wall has collapsed inward due to excessive pressure such as excessive point loading during a lift, dropping pipe onto a rock, or improper bending procedure.  
Buddy system An arrangement by which two workers work together to ensure the health and safety of each other.  
Buffing Grinding the pipe with a wire brush  
Bug The automatic welding machine that welds inside or outside the pipe on a track  
Bunks Planks set across the deck of a stringing trailer fitted with chocks, designed to keep the pipe from rolling off the trailer.  
C Dolly A trailer converter dolly, with a frame rigid in the horizontal plane that is towed from two hitches located in a horizontal transverse line on the towing unit, that precludes any rotation in the horizontal plane about the hitch points.  
C Train A combination of vehicles composed of a tractor, a semitrailer, followed by another semitrailer attached to the first semitrailer by the means of a C Dolly.  
Cabling On a side boom tractor, twisting the hook block beyond a one half revolution (180°) relative to the head sheaves  
CAD welding Welding test lead wire on the pipe and casing  
Calipers A type of tongs designed specifically for and used for lifting pipe - faster than hooking and unhooking slings  
Cap The top pass of the weld  
Carry back On setup and pipe gang, the distance the pipe section is brought back to a "start stake" to ensure that after the pipe section is lowered in, it will overlap the following section, necessitating the removal of a "pup". The start stake is placed by the engineering crew to ensure a sufficient overlap.  
Casing Larger pipe that the carrier pipe is put through to protect it  
Cat bar A one inch diameter steel bar 16" long, tapered on one end.  Standard equipment for a side boom operator  
Catch off The side boom on lowering in whose function is to assist the cradle tractors at places where difficulties are encountered.  
Chainage The accumulated length of the pipeline from Kickoff marked in kilometers and meters  
Charge Any explosive which is loaded, placed or fixed and which may or may not contain a primer  
Chase water out Displacing water with dirt to force it out of the ditch  
Cheater A length of pipe used to lengthen the handle of another tool for the purpose of increasing leverage and power  
Cherry Picker Truck mounted crane  
Chocker Cable with a loop on each end used to rig loads  
Chocker belt A specialized pipe lifting appurtenance, designed to prevent pipe rolling during hoisting, commonly used in pipeline construction  
Chocking pipe Wood skids, wedges or rock material used to stop pipe from rolling on a flat surface  
Choker A wire rope or synthetic sling used to encircle the pipe by passing one end through a loop in the other end thereby providing an attachment which can pull laterally as well as vertically  
Clam Excavating equipment with a free swinging bucket  
Clamps A circular clamp that is hinged in half to facilitate encircling the pipe. Control the ends of two pipe joints or sections during tie in welding  
Coating The paint, plastic or dope the bare steel of the pipe is covered with from the factory or that is applied on the "Coating" crew  
Cold dope A tar like substance used for repairing jeeps, breaks in the pipe coating  
Cold-wrapping Applying tape type coatings that do not require the application of heat  
Combination A bend incorporating a side bend and a sag or over bend  
Come along A hand operated mechanical device which uses a chain or cable for lifting or pulling  
Coming-in-side The upstream side of a section or tie in.  
Concrete warning pad Pad placed over a pipeline to warn anyone who might dig in the area  
Cork A specialized bar welded onto the grousers for addition traction on ice and frost.  
Coupons Sections of cut pipe, used for practicing welding  
Cradle Roller slings for lowering in pipe  
Cradle Sling equipped with rollers designed to lift pipe while travelling  
Cradle tractor Side boom used to carry pipe cradle  
Cradles A lifting device through which the pipe slides, fitted with multiple padded rollers and wheels, used on Lower-in that rolls along a section while supporting it. Used to lower the pipe into the ditch  
Crazy carpet Fiber material used on wetland to build a construction access road  
Cross over Ditch centerline moves to other side of the right of way  
Cross spooling Cable which has been unevenly laid on a winch drum, with subsequent potential damage to cable  
Crotch A cradle of skids which prohibits sideways movement of the pipe  
Crotch Skids supports constructed in a manner to prevent pipe from rolling  
Crotch pipe To prevent pipe from rolling  
Crowning A lifting practice where two side booms brace their booms against each other at the crown of the booms, one on each side of a lifting point.  
Crumbing the ditch Ahead of Lower-in removing material from the ditch that might damage the coating or cause a buckle in the pipe.  
Cut stake Stake which indicated the required depth of a cut  
Cutting bit The business/cutting end of a road bore or directional drilling auger  
Cycle equipment Gradual increase in the movement of components to allow the hydraulic oil to warm up  
Cycle time Time it takes to move the bucket out of the ditch and back in again  
Danger Zone A location within 6 meters of a piece of heavy equipment  
Daylight pipe Excavate and remove soil away from the pipe so that it is visible  
Day lighting Exposing a utility that was previously buried  
Dead man The end of a cable that is held in a secure and stationary position  
Dead weights Mechanical device using weights to determine  if a section of pipe being tested under pressure, is maintaining  pressure.  
Deadman tractor A tractor used as an anchor for a pipe section (such as on lowering-in) or when winching equipment on steep slopes  
Deck logs Piling logs for removal  
Detonating chord A flexible chord containing high explosives which may be used to detonate other explosive materials  
Diapers Sorbent pads used to soak up oil spill  
Ditch line Centerline of ditch, marked by red stakes, stones or markers along the right of way  
Ditch spill Material removed from the ditch  
Ditching machine Machine which cuts a ditch using a turning wheel with scoops and/or cutting teeth  
Ditch side The side of the right of way on the opposite side of the ditch line from the work side, where the spoil pile is placed  
Dog On the side boom tractor, a coarse cog clutch used to engage draw works winch to draw works drive train  
Dog in Dog clutch engaged  
Dog it Dog it Stop heavy equipment operation  
Dog out dog clutch disengaged  
Dogleg An irregularity in a straight line - in a pipe section, lay of the right of way etc.  
Donut Internal brace used in bending operation when end of pipe is near the die. Used to prevent egging of pipe  
Dope pot Heating type container to turn hard dope into liquid so it can be spread on the pipe  
Dope, hot Liquid, tar like substance for coating pipe to protect it.  
Downstream The direction the product will flow when in the pipeline is in service  
Dozer Caterpillar tractor with a blade for pushing dirt or sand  
Drag section Section of pipe used at road or swamp crossings  
Drag up To quit or resign  
Drag up To quit or resign  
Drag up Tank A large tank built into the deck of a welders rig  
Drawbar Structural member of a sled, full trailer, pony trailer or trailer converter dolly that includes a device for the purpose of coupling with a trailer hitch, fifth wheel or hook on a sling  
Draw works A gear train from input to output  
Dress To place topsoil on slopes or grades to match the original contours  
Drill pattern Predetermined pattern and spacing of bore holes for loading explosives on blasting crew  
Drive sprocket Toothed sprocket that transfers power from the drive motor to the track on heavy equipment  
Duff soil Organic material found in wooded areas  
Easement Land used as right of way  
Egging Pipe becoming out of round, during bending process  
Eye balling Judging by sight rather than using an instrument  
False fill Loose dirt on the ditch line  
Field tile Buried drainage tiles  
Fill line Small inch light wall pipe 6-10 inches diameter used to carry water from a water source to a fill point, during testing operation  
Fill point A test point used to fill a pipe section with water for testing  
Filter cloth Cloth laid in the ditch to filter sediment caused during the work in the ditch.  
Final Tie Ins The crew that welds together or ties in, after test, the tested sections to complete a continuous pipeline.  
Fine material Soil which contains only very small rocks (i.e. not big enough to damage pipe covering), and contains no frozen lumps of dirt  
Flared out Extra edge on the side of a ramp which allows vehicles to turn in from the road.  
Flash Painful burn to the conjunctiva of the eyes, caused by exposure to the welding arc radiation  
Float A trailer or transport equipment  
Floating pipe Pipe that is physically floating on the water  
Flume Pipe Pipe used in ditches to control the flow of water  
Fly rock Rock projectiles ejected skyward from a blasting zone  
Foreign line A pipeline that crosses the centerline of a new pipeline under construction  
Freeze down When tracks are frozen to the ground  
Front End Those crews working along the pipeline corridor  ahead of and including the welding crew  
Going-out-side The downstream side of a section, tie in, road bore etc.  
Goose Internal clamp on front end welding crew  
Grade Preparation of right of way surface to ensure work area is level  
Grade shot Measurement of elevation for depth of ditch or level of grade on right of way  
Green sticks Plastic sticks to repair damage to pipe coating  
Grousers Horizontal lugs on the track pads of tracked equipment  
Grub stumps Freeing stumps from the ground for removal  
Gunnite Concrete coating on a pipe section  
Hammer Wrench Large wrench with square end designed to be struck by a sledge hammer.  Use on final tie in crew when tightening flanges on valves  
Hand Pipeline worker  
Hanging pipe Any pipe in a ditch under which there is no support  
Headache Rack Strong (reinforced steel) barrier mounted on the back of athe cab of a truck to prevent the load sliding forward and breaching the rear cabin wall injuring the driver  
Heat number A number printed on the inside of a joint of pipe by the manufacturer identifying from which production run the pipe came  
Heating Coils Electrical coils, used on the coating crew that are hinged to enable encircling and heat the pipe   
Heavy wall pipe Mainline pipe with a thicker wall thickness than line pipe  
Heel of the blade The end of the dozer blade that is angled back closest to the tractor  
High boy A conventional truck trailer with deck approximately 5 foot off the ground  
High spot Section at the bottom of the ditch which is higher than the required depth, usually comprised of a rock or stone material which requires blasting  
High-low When the pipe and weld is slightly out of true alignment where the welding kerf does not line up 100%  
Hoarding Plastic sheeting over a wood frame used at a test point to maintain temperature of exposed test section  
Hoe Rock Hammer Backhoe fitted with rock hammer  
Holiday Hole or gap in pipeline coating  
Hoosier spring On the side boom tractor, the return spring on the boom brake lever, which prevents accidental release of the boom brake  
Hot bend A short radius bend prepared at the pipe mill  
Hot Dope Old method  of coating pipe with hot melted tar like substance  
Hot line stakes Stakes which are marked a specific color to identify an underground pressurized pipeline, in proximity to the work  
Hot Pass Second weld pass/layer  
Hot tap machine Machine which is used to drill and tap into a hot line  
Hot Tie in To weld a new pipeline into a pipeline that is already in service  
Hotline A buried pressurized pipeline  
Hotline ramp Earth ramp built over a hot line to allow safe passage of heavy equipment.  
Hot pass The filler pass of the weld  
Hot-wrapping Applying tape type coatings that require the application of heat  
House The pipeline yard and offices  
Hustle skids The work involved in the loading / unloading of skids, building cradles to support the pipe etc.  
Idler sprocket Smooth sprocket at the end of the side boom under carriage which turns the track back towards the drive sprocket  
Jeep ( Holiday detector) Electrical device used to detect abnormalities/holidays/damage  in the pipeline coating  
Jib An extension attached to the main boom, to provide added boom length for lifting specified loads  
Joint A single length of pipe as delivered from the pipe manufacturer  
Jump hour An extra hour of pay that is unearned but considered deserved by the foreman  
Jungle A thrown together lunch  
Keeper pin A device for ensuring the security of an attachment pin, such as the boom base pin on a side boom tractor  
Key way Notch dug out of the side of a ditch to allow work to be performed or equipment or sand/foam breakers installed  
Kick Off Where the work starts on a pipeline project. The work site at the very  beginning of a pipeline mainline or looping project.  
Kilometer post A post indicating the kilometer chainage from kickoff  
Lap Mark pipe where it is to be cut  
Latch spring On a side boom tractor, the spring used to keep the brake lever locked  
Lathe A stake, sharpened on one end, driven into the ground and used to mark centerline of ditch, chainage, or other purpose  
Line pipe The mainline pipeline pipe  
Line up clamps (external) External mechanical clamps used to align two joints of pipe in preparation for welding  
Link seals A rubber chain inserted between the carrier pipe and the casing to keep the water out  
Live boom A boom that is operated by a boom hoist mechanism that will unwind unrestricted  
Load line Cable from the side boom draw works that is hooked to a load  
Load line hook The hook that supports the weight  
Load ratings Side boom lift capacity rating established by the manufacturer  
Loaded hole Any hole in which there is blasting material  
Loaded line Pipeline under pressure  
Long corner The corner of an angled blade farthest away from the tractor  
Loop A parallel section of pipeline  
Loop Section of pipeline, normally between valves  
Looping Work on a section of pipeline that parallels an existing pipeline system  
Loose end The free, open end of a longer section of pipe, which has not been connected  
Low Boy / Low Bed A low slung trailer used to haul heavy equipment  
Magic carpet Heavy felt cloth, on top of which soil and/or gravel is place,  used on soft ground to build an access road to support vehicles and equipment  
Mandrel Internal, maneuverable support clamp inside the pipe used in bending operation to prevent buckling  
Marlin spike Tapered steel pin used as a tool for splitting/opening wire rope strands  
Master clutch On standard transmission tractors, the main clutch to make everything work, different from the tail end clutch.  
Master switch A switch between the battery and all other components  
Mormon Board Backfilling attachment to a Linkbelt crawler crane, designed for and uniquely suited for pulling in backfill.  Most commonly used in swampy areas where dozers cannot work near the ditch or in areas where a hot line is located under the spoil pile.  
M-Scope An electronic device used to locate buried facilities: pipelines, power lines etc.  
MSDS Sheets Material Safety Data Sheets - Sheets providing the worker with information of hazardous products so he may protect himself  
Mud board A wooden elevated (4-5 inches) platform for welders to lie on when welding under the pipe  
Nightcap Caps made out of material, plastic, wood etc to fit over and close off the end of the pipe to prevent entry of foreign material  
Non rotating cable A wire rope cable especially designed to prevent unwinding  
Oilfield trailer A heavy duty high boy trailer with a live roller at the rear of the trailer  
Operating pressure The pressure that the pump delivers, determined by the main circuit relief valves  
Ossie padder Machine used for sand padding pipe  
Over bend A bend in the pipe that is convex - low on the ends and high in the middle  
P.I. Change in the direction of the right of way centerline, usually identified by a stake/lathe with the chainage written on it  
P.I. stake Point of intersection stake, located on a side bend to indicate the degree of bend required for the ditch  
Padding Selected finer material placed in the ditch, beneath, beside and on top of the pipe to prevent damage to the pipe or coating by rocks.  Usually 8" is required under the pipe and 12" beside and on top of the pipe.  
Pass A weld once around the pipe  
Pig Internal pipeline cleaning or inspection device  
Pig Catcher A device for receiving a pig  
Pillows Polyurethane pads placed under the pipe  
Pinion gear Gears which direct power from the pup engine to the main engine  
Pipe layer Caterpillar term for the Side boom tractor  
Pipe gang The front end  mainline welding crew, including the welders, equipment operators and laborers.  
Plug Dirt which is temporarily pushed into a ditch to allow the passing of vehicles, wildlife etc  
Plug out Technique to remove dirt, a temporary plug,  from a point where two sections of ditch meet .  
Point of blade Corner of an angled blade farthest away from the tractor  
Poor boy A scaled down pipeline work crew  
Powder man The worker on a blasting crew whose job is to load explosives in the bore holes  
Power take off A direct drive, friction clutch, fluid coupling, or hydrostatic auxiliary power driving source provided by the prime mover  
Prep Machine (End Preparation or pipe facing machine)  A portable lathe that machines the end of a joint of pipe to the specifications required for the particular welding process to be used.  
Pull A bending term referring to that segment of pipe that has been subjected to bending machine pressure  
Pulling head A heavy reinforced end cap  for a pipe section with a towing eye, for sustained lateral pulling of that section, used on road bores and river/creek  sections  
Pup Short length of pipe  
Pup engine An auxiliary engine used for starting the main engine  
Pup joint Short length of pipe cut off the end of a section,  at the overlap of two loose ends  
Push out Extra work area where spill is stored off the right of way  
Quad Welding machines mounted on a tractor  
R.O.W. Pipeline right of way or corridor  
Ramp Level pile of dirt place over a bar ditch, rails etc to allow equipment to cross over without causing damage  
Rated capacity The loads (breaking strength and safe working load)  which a new wire rope or wire rope sling may handle, under given operating conditions and at an designated design factor  
Reach rod Length of 3/4" pipe, often  with a  wheel on end, extending from the internal line-up clamps to the end of the pipe, for the purpose of supplying air to the clamps,  which is used to control the mandrel inside the pipe when bending pipe  
Reamer A cutting head that increases the bore hole size  
Rig Hook cables/slings to a load for lifting  
Rigging Any lifting appurtenances between the load and the hoisting equipment  
Rip rap A corduroy road formed by laying down branches and trees over soft ground to support vehicles or equipment  
Ripper A vertical earth/rock cutting blade mounted on the back of a dozer  
Riser Pipe that comes above ground at a valve  
River weights Circular concrete weights  attached to the pipe when the pipe is laid under water or in wet lands and swampy areas.  
Roach A berm (mound of earth) over the pipeline or a pile of snow placed, before freeze up,  on the ditch line to prevent freezing of the ground.  
Road section insulators Neoprene bands which are placed at intervals on a drag section intended for a road bore to ensure separation between carrier pipe and casing  
Rock shield Plastic or fiber sheets used to cover the pipe to protect it from rocks  
Rod pail Bucket or pail for used welding rod stubs  
Rolling Seams Rotating pipe in a sling to locate the longitudinal factory seam at a desired position for pipe bending  
Roping pipe On lowering in the pipe is "roped in"  
Rubber boot seal The seal between the casing and pipe on either ends of a road/river bore  
Run off To be fired/terminated from employment  
Safe Working Load The Safe Working Load (S.W.L.) is equivalent to the catalogue breaking strength divided by the factor of safety.  
Safety factor In a wire rope, it is the ratio of the breaking strength to the safe working load, normally a factor of five.  
Safety Fuse A flexible chord containing powder which burns internally and is used to initiate a plain detonator  
Safety Lever A lock-out of the controls which, when engaged, prevents the starting of the engine.  
Sag A bend in the pipe that is concave - high on the ends and low in the middle  
Sauerman Equipment with  used to yoyo a drag bucket at a river crossing, for excavation on the river bottom  
Seam A factory weld on the pipe when it is rolled - can be spiral or straight  
Section Two or more pipe joints welded together  
Seize To make secure by binding at the end of a wire rope or strand with seizing wire  
Set in tractor The tractor on the front-end pipe gang crew that picks up each succeeding joint and sets it into the welding clamps  
Setup The phase of pipe handling  which immediately follows bending.  This crew positions the pipe  advantageously for the welding crew to ensure minimum required handling by the front-end pipe gang crew. It is also laid out as per carry back and other stakes left by the engineering crew  
Shackle Clevis, u-shaped rigging device with a pin across the end  
Shade Back filling with fine soil, which is the initial covering of the pipe to protect it from rocks.  
Sharp shooter A long and narrow spade/shovel, used for cleaning mud, snow and ice out of the tracks of tracked equipment  
Sheave A grooved pulley for wire rope  
Shock loading Additional load imposed on a machine and rigging due to excessive deceleration of the load, by breaking the load too abruptly or other cause with similar effect  
Shoofly Access road to pipeline construction ROW  from the nearby existing public or private road.  Can be a road along the pipeline corridor built to bypass an obstacle such as a river, steep slope etc.  
Shoot a bend To calculate the degrees of a bend  with a transit  
Shot rock Broken rock fragments following a blast  
Shrink sleeve A field joint coating comprised of a  polyethylene tube which shrinks to the pipe when heated  
Side bend A bend in the pipe that directs the pipe to one side or the other  
Side boom A pipe layer tractor  
Signals Hand signal communication for directing operations  
Silk screen Fine mesh plastic screening used to filter sediment out of flowing water to comply with  environmental requirements  
Skid Wooden timbers (usually 4"x6"x4") used to build supports for the pipe  
Slick track A crawler tractor with "street pads" (triple grousers) so that it can work on a paved street without damaging the road surface  
Slider A simple type of skid support for pipe joints/sections that can be adjusted in height by sliding the top skids up or down the inclined plane formed by two skids  
Sling Looped wire rope or packaged synthetic line  or webbing used for lifting pipe  
Slush Mixture of water, soil and rock  
Snag Broken tree or branch sticking out of the ground  
Snatch block A single sheave with hook attached  
Sneaky A manned internal pipe repair or inspection vehicle - motorized buggy.  
Soft plug A crossing over the ditch that has been back filled without the pipe  
Spacers Devices strapped/bolted to the pipe to prevent it being damaged by the metal casing when the pipe is inserted into the casing. Used on road or river bores  
Spacing tool Welder's / fitter's tool used to maintain a uniform space between pipe bevels when lining up pipe for welding  
Spaghetti Small inch pipe  
Spill/Spoil pile The excavated ditch material  
Spill/Spoil side Side of the right of way opposite the work area, where top soil and spill from work area/ditch is stored  
Spiral Pipe Pipe with a spiral factory welded seam  
Splicing To join two wire or synthetic ropes by interweaving the strands  
Split Push soil to both sides  
Splitter A length of blasting safety fuse which notches at 50 millimeter (two inch) intervals and is used to ignite safety fuses  
Spooled cable Cable which has been evenly laid on a winch drum  
Spoons Long handled (12-15 foot) shovels used ahead of lower-in cradles to remove rock  from the centerline of the ditch, under the pipe, which could cause buckles, when regulations prohibit workers entering unsafe ditch  
Spot To locate equipment in a specific area  
Spotter A worker designated to work with a driver  or operator to  identify the appropriate location on the right of way to drop a load, park a vehicle etc.  
Spread The equipment and personnel that comprise a pipeline construction project  
Spread Man Construction Superintendent  
Spudding Intentional penetration as in "spudding" pipe into a bending machine  
Squeeze iron Pipe from squeeze pump to test head  
Squeeze pump High pressure pump used to pressure up pipe for test  
Squeeze water Forcing water out of a ditch by displacing it with dirt  
Stabber Employee who helps line-up pipe for welding  
Stability The ability of a mobile machine to resist tipping  
Start joint First joint set up for welding a section  
Start stake Engineering stake which indicates the start of the pipe section  
Station site Location of compressors  
Stemming During blasting, the material placed in the open end of a loaded hole which confines the explosive gas  
Stemming piles Loaded bags of stemming material used in blasting  
Steward A representative of the union, dispatched to the job site that deals with the contract, working rules and regulations  
Stick Portion of the excavator arm between the bucket and the boom  
Stick welding Hand held welding rod  
Stinger Welding rod and holder  
Strand Part of a cable made up of wires  
Straw boss Crew foreman's lead worker  
Street pads Triple grouser pads - "Street Pads"  
Stringer bead Welder's term: The first welding pass welders make on joining two pieces of pipe together  
Stringing The crew that moves the pipe from the pipe yard to the right of way and positions the pipe joints along the right of way in a staggered formation, parallel to but sufficient distance from the ditch line  
Stringing hook A hook that fits into the end of the pipe for lifting pipe  
Stringing truck Truck which transports pipe joints along the right of way to their approximate installation positions  
Stripping Clearing off topsoil  
Strong back Lifting unit that transfers weight from a center point horizontally - e.g. weight hooks  
Structural Strength The ability of the machine and it's components to withstand the stresses imposed by applied loads  
Sump pit Where mud from river or creek is stored  
Swabbing Using a ring of pipe cut to a slightly smaller diameter than the line pipe with an outer layer of soft rubber which is pulled through a joint of pipe to clean out the inside of the pipe  
Swage fitting A 100% efficient cable and fitting.  Fitting into which wire rope can be inserted and then permanently attached by cold pressing (swaging) the shank that enclosed the rope.  
Swamp / Bog mats Heavily constructed pads of timber, bolted together and used to support equipment in soft ground, wet lands and swampy areas  
Swamp weights Saddle concrete weights designed to sit on the pipe and keep it from floating  
Swamper The laborer assigned to act as an operator's helper  
Swing Rotation of the superstructure for movement of loads in a horizontal direction about the axis of rotation  
Swing brake Friction brake which prevents the boom from swinging  
Swing lock Safety pin used to prevent movement of the boom during transportation  
Tack rig Front end welding tractor  
Tackle An assembly of ropes and sheaves arranged for hoisting, lowering and pulling  
Tag line A length of rope attached to a suspended load which is used to control swinging motion in the load  
Tail chain Chain on the end of a equipment's winch line   
Tail clutch Side boom clutch used to transfer power to draw works transmission  
Tail swing Clearance distance from center of rotation to maximum rear extension of revolving superstructure  
Tamping Compressing of explosives into a hole usually by means of a rod designed for that purpose  
Tensioner Piston which keeps tension on the tracks of heavy equipment, adjusted by adding grease  
Test head A short section of pipe with a convex end cap and valves, welded to the end of a section. Used in the  filling of pipe and controlling pressure during testing operations.  
Test head A location in a pipe section chosen to be used as a work site for testing operations, where the welders have left two loose ends.  
Test lead Wires attached between the buried pipe and  above ground test lead post, for the purpose of monitoring pipeline coating integrity  
Test point A location of two loose ends in a pipe section where one test section ends and the next starts  
Test section A specific length of the pipeline which will be pressure tested independent of other test sections, chosen by consideration of several factors: availability of water, elevation…  
Thimbles Grooved rings of thin metal used to fit in a spliced loop in a  rope as protection from chafing and crushing.  
Thin wall Pipe with less than 3/8" thickness  
Throat The throat of the ditch is the inside of a sag (bend).  
Tie in The place in the pipe installation where lowering in is bypassed, leaving loose ends to be welded,  such as at  roads, creeks and railways.  
Tipping The point of machine equilibrium  
To the house Going home after shift  
Torpedoes/Moles/Rockets Underground earth piercing tools  
Tow Cat Tractor used to pull any equipment or vehicles stuck on the right of way.  
Tractor The crawler portion of the side boom  
Tractor driver The person who runs or operates the side boom tractor  
Transition piece A short  joint of heavy wall pipe machined on the inside at one end.  It's purpose is to enable welding of heavy wall pipe to line pipe  
Travel The function of the machine moving from one location to another  
Turnaround A pipe joint that  needs to be turned end for end before welding or a widened spot on the right of way used in turning equipment around  
Two blocking When the hook block or headache ball comes in contact with the head sheaves  
Two tone Grade cut on two elevations along the right of way, to minimize the amount of spill cut from a side slope  
Upstream The direction from which the product pumped will come from when in service  
Utility Any pipeline, buried or overhead power line, fiber optic cable, sewer, water line, communications cable etc.  
Virgin soil Undisturbed soil  
Walk To move a tractor with load or section of pipe suspended  
Warrington A type of strand in a wire rope cable  
Water breaker A line of raised soil placed across the face of a slope to slow water down and minimize erosion  
Wedge socket A steel wire rope attachment where the rope end is secured  
Winch truck A flatbed truck with a winch and "A" frame poles used for light hauling, also called a "gin truck"  
Wire rope sling An assembly fabricated from wire rope which connects the load to the lifting device  
Wobble A strike.  Workers collectively refuse to go to work in support of some demand  
Work area That side of the right of way, opposite the spill pile, where all working machinery is located  
Workside The side of the right of way on which the equipment and vehicular traffic move  
Yoyo Using  bucket on a drag line to get ditch depth at a river crossing  
Yup stick A measuring stick used to measure the depth of the ditch